INICIO    BUSINESS IDEAS     BUSINESS IDEAS II    BUSINESS IDEAS III

Business Ideas: A Consumer Guide to Air Travel Part 2 of 3

The rules do not apply to charter flights, or to
scheduled flights operated with planes that hold 60
or fewer passengers. They don't apply to
international flights inbound to the United States,
although some airlines on these routes may follow
them voluntarily. Also, if you are flying between
two foreign cities from Paris to Rome, for
exampleùthese rules will not apply. The European
Community has a rule on bumpings that occur in an
EC country; ask the airline for details, or contact
DOT. 
 
The best way to avoid getting 'bumped' is to check in
early.
 
The most effective way to reduce the risk
of being bumped is to get to the airport early. On
oversold flights the last passengers to check in are
usually the first to be bumped, even if they have met
the check-in deadline. Allow extra time; assume that
the airport access road is backed up, the parking lot
is full, and there is a long line at the check-in
counter. However, if you arrive so early that your
airline has another flight to your destination leaving
before the one that you are booked on, either switch
to the earlier flight or don't check your bag until
after the first flight leaves. If you check your bag
right away, it might get put on the earlier flight and
remain unattended at your destination airport for
hours. 
    Airlines may offer free transportation on
future flights in place of a check for denied boarding
compensation. However, if you are bumped
involuntarily you have the right to insist on a check
if that is your preference. Once you cash the check
(or accept the free flight), you will probably lose the
right to demand more money from the airline later
on. However, if being bumped costs you more
money than the airline will pay you at the airport,
you can try to negotiate a higher settlement with
their complaint department. If this doesn't work,
you usually have 30 days from the date on the check
to decide if you want to accept the amount of the
check. You are always free to decline the check and
take the airline to court to try to obtain more
compensation. The government's denied boarding
regulation spells out the airlines' minimum
obligation to people they bump involuntarily.
        Finally, don't be a ôno-show.ö If you are
holding confirmed reservations you don't plan to
use, notify the airline. If you don't, they will cancel
all onward or return reservations on your trip. 
 
Between the time you check your luggage in and the
time you claim it at your destination, it may have
passed through a maze of conveyor belts and
baggage carts; once airborne, baggage may tumble
around the cargo compartment if the plane hits
rough air. In all fairness to the airlines, however,
relatively few bags are damaged or lost. With some
common-sense packing and other precautions, your
bags will probably be among the ones that arrive
safely. 
 
Packing
 
You can pack to avoid problems. Some items should
never be put into a bag you plan to check into the
cargo compartment:
 
     Small valuables: cash, credit cards, jewelry,
cameras. 
 
     Critical items: medicine, keys, passport, tour
vouchers, business papers.
 
     Irreplaceable items: manuscript, heirlooms.
 
     Fragile items: eyeglasses, glass containers,
liquids. 
 
Things like this should be carried on your person or
packed in a carry-on bag that will fit under the seat.
Remember, the only way to be sure your valuables
are not damaged or lost is to keep them with you. 
    Even if your bag is not lost, it could be
delayed for a day or two. Don't put perishables in a
checked bag; they may spoil if it is delayed. It is
wise to put items that you will need during the first
24 hours in a carry-on bag (e.g. toiletries, a change
of underwear). 
    Check with the airline for its limits on the
size, weight, or number of carry-on pieces. (There is
no single federal standard.) If you are using more
than one airline, check on all of them. Inquire about
your flight; different airplanes can have different
limits. Don't assume that the flight will have
unlimited closet space for carry-on garment bags;
some may have to be checked. If you plan to go
shopping at your destination and bring your
purchases aboard as carry-on, keep the limits in
mind. If you check these purchases, however, carry
the receipts separately; they may be necessary for a
claim if the merchandise is lost or damaged. Don't
put anything into a carry-on bag that could be
considered a weapon (e.g. scissors, pen knife). 

Bring toiletries and a change of underwear in a carry-
on bag, in case your checked luggage is delayed.
 
    Checked baggage is also subject to limits.
On most domestic and international flights, it's two
checked bags (three if you don't have any carry-on
luggage). There can be an extra charge if you bring
more, or if you exceed the airline's limits on the size
of the bags. 
    On some flights between two foreign cities,
your allowance may be based on the weight of the
bags rather than the number of pieces. The same two
bags that cost you nothing to check when you
started your trip could result in expensive excess-
baggage charges under a weight system. Ask the
airlines about the limit for every segment of your
international trip before you leave home, especially
if you have a stopover of a day or two or if you are
changing carriers. 
    The bags you check should be labeledù
inside and outùwith your name, address and phone
number. Add the name and address of a person to
contact at your destination if it's practical to do so.
Almost all of the bags that are misplaced by airlines
do turn up sooner or later. With proper labeling, the
bag and its owner can usually be reunited within a
few hours. 
        Don't overpack a bag. This puts pressure
on the latches, making it easier for them to pop
open. Also, lock your bags. The locks aren't very
effective against pilferage, but they help to keep the
latches from springing. 
    If you plan to check any electrical
equipment, glassware, small appliances, pottery,
typewriters, musical instruments or other fragile
items, they should be packed in a container
specifically designed to survive rough handling*
preferably a factory-sealed carton or a padded hard-
shell carrying case. 
 
Check-in
 
Don't check in at the last minute. Even if you make
the flight, your bag may not. If you miss the airline's
check-in deadline, the carrier might not assume
liability for your bag if it is delayed or lost. 
    If you have a choice, select flights that
minimize the potential for baggage disruption. The
likelihood of a bag going astray increases from #1 to
#4 below (i.e., #1 is safest):

1)      nonstop flight
2)      direct or æthrough' flight (one or more
        stops, but no change of aircraft)
3)    online connection (change of aircraft but
        not airlines)
4)    interline connection (change of aircraft and
        airlines)
    When you check in, remove straps and
hooks from garment bags that you are sending as
checked baggage. These can get caught in baggage
processing machinery, causing damage to the bag. 
    The airline will put baggage destination
tags on your luggage and give you the stubs to use
as claim checks. Make sure you get a stub for every
bag. Don't throw them away until after you get your
bags back and you check the contents. Not only will
you need them if a claim is necessary, but you may
need to show them to security upon leaving the
baggage-claim area. 
    Each tag has a three-letter code and flight
number that show the baggage sorters on which
plane and to which airport your luggage is supposed
to go. Double-check the tag before your bags go
down the conveyor belt. (The airline will be glad to
tell you the code for your destination when you
make reservations or buy your tickets.) Your bags
may only be checked to one of your intermediate
stops rather than your destination city if you must
clear Customs short of your final destination, or if
you are taking a connection involving two airlines
that don't have an interline agreement. Be sure all of
the tags from previous trips are removed from your
bag, since they may confuse busy baggage handlers. 
 
Claiming your bags
 
Many bags look alike. After you pull what you think
is your bag off the carousel, check the name tag or
the bag tag number.
 
Remove straps and hooks from garment bags; they can
get caught in the machinery.
 
    If your bag arrives open, unlocked or
visibly damaged, check right away to see if any of
the contents are missing or damaged. Report any
problems to the airline before leaving the airport;
insist on filling out a form. Open your suitcase
immediately when you get to where you are staying.
Any damage to the contents or any pilferage should
be immediately reported to the airline by telephone.
Make a note of the date and time of the call, and the
name and telephone number of the person you spoke
with. Follow up immediately with a certified letter
to the airline. 
 
Damage
 
If your suitcase arrives smashed or torn, the airline
will usually pay for repairs. If it can't be fixed, they
will negotiate a settlement to pay you its depreciated
value. The same holds true for belongings packed
inside. 
    Airlines may decline to pay for damage
caused by the fragile nature of the broken item or
inadequate packing, rather than the airline's rough
handling. Carriers may also refuse to give you
money for your damaged items inside the bag when
there's no evidence of external damage to the
suitcase. But airlines generally don't disclaim
liability for fragile merchandise packed in its
original factory sealed carton, a cardboard mailing
tube, or other container designed for shipping and
packed with protective padding material. 
    When you check in, airline personnel
should let you know if they think your suitcase or
package may not survive the trip intact. Before
accepting a questionable item, they will ask you to
sign a statement in which you agree to check it at
your own risk. But even if you do sign this form, the
airline might be liable for damage if it is caused by
its own negligence shown by external injury to the
suitcase or package. 
 
Delayed bags
 
If you and your suitcase don't connect at your
destination, don't panic. The airlines have very
sophisticated systems that track down about 98% of
the bags they misplace and return them to their
owners within hours. In many cases they will absorb
reasonable expenses you incur while they look for
your missing belongings. You and the airline may
have different ideas of what's reasonable, however,
and the amount they will pay is subject to
negotiation. 
 
If your delayed bag is declared lost, you will have to
fill out a second form.
 
        If your bags don't come off the conveyor
belt, report this to the airline before you leave the
airport. Insist that they fill out a form and give you a
copy, even if they say the bag will be in on the next
flight. If the form doesn't contain the name of the
person who filled it out, ask for it. Get an
appropriate phone number for following up (not the
Reservations number). Don't assume that the airline
will deliver the bag without charge when it is found;
ask them about this. 
    Most carriers set guidelines for their airport
employees that allow them to disburse some money
at the airport for emergency purchases. The amount
depends on whether or not you're away from home
and how long it takes to track down your bags and
return them to you. 
    If the airline does not provide you a cash
advance, it may still reimburse you later for the
purchase of necessities. Discuss with the carrier the
types of articles that would be reimbursable, and
keep all receipts. 
    If the airline misplaces sporting equipment,
it will sometimes pay for the rental of replacements.
For replacement clothing or other articles, the carrier
might offer to absorb only a portion of the purchase
cost, on the basis that you will be able to use the
new items in the future. (The airline may agree to a
higher reimbursement if you turn the articles over to
them.) 
        When you've checked in fresh foods or any
other perishable goods and they are ruined because
their delivery is delayed, the airline won't reimburse
you. Carriers may be liable if they lose or damage
perishable items, but they won't accept
responsibility for spoilage caused by a delay in
delivery. 
    Airlines are liable for provable
consequential damages up to the amount of their
liability limit (see below) in connection with the
delay. If you can't resolve the claim with the
airline's airport staff, keep a record of the names of
the employees with whom you dealt, and hold on to
all travel documents and receipts for any money you
spent in connection with the mishandling. (It's okay
to surrender your baggage claim tags to the airline
when you fill out a form at the airport, as long as
you get a copy of the form and it notes that you gave
up the tags.) Call or write the airline's consumer
office when you get home. 
 
Lost luggage
 
Once your bag is declared officially lost, you will
have to submit a claim. This usually means you have
to fill out a second, more detailed form. Check on
this; failure to complete the second form when
required could delay your claim. Missing the
deadline for filing it could invalidate your claim
altogether. The airline will usually refer your claim
form to a central office, and the negotiations
between you and the airline will begin. If your flight
was a connection involving two carriers, the final
carrier is normally the one responsible for
processing your claim even if it appears that the first
airline lost the bag. 
        Airlines don't automatically pay the full
amount of every claim they receive. First, they will
use the information on your form to estimate the
value of your lost belongings. Like insurance
companies, airlines consider the depreciated value of
your possessions, not their original price or the
replacement costs. 
        If you're tempted to exaggerate your claim,
don't. Airlines may completely deny claims they
feel are inflated or fraudulent. They often ask for
sales receipts and other documentation to back up
claims, especially if a large amount of money is
involved. If you don't keep extensive records, you
can expect to dicker with the airline over the value
of your goods.
    Generally, it takes an airline anywhere
from six weeks to three months to pay you for your
lost luggage. When they tender a settlement, they
may offer you the option of free tickets on future
flights in a higher amount than the cash payment.
Ask about all restrictions on these tickets, such as
ôblackoutö periods and how far before departure you
are permitted to make a reservation. 
 
Limits on liability
 
The airlines' domestic liability limit is generally
$1250 per person.
 
If your bags are delayed, lost or damaged on a
domestic trip, the airline can invoke a ceiling of
$1250 per passenger on the amount of money they'll
pay you. When your luggage and its contents are
worth more than that, you may want to purchase
ôexcess valuation,ö if available, from the airline as
you check in. This is not insurance, but it will
increase the carrier's potential liability. The airline
may refuse to sell excess valuation on some items
that are especially valuable or breakable, such as
antiques, musical instruments, jewelry, manuscripts,
negotiable securities and cash. 
    On international trips, the liability limit is
set by a treaty called the Warsaw Convention.
Unless you buy excess valuation, the liability limit is 
$9.07 per pound ($20 per kilo). In order to limit its
liability to this amount, the airline must use one of
the following procedures:
 
1)    The carrier weighs your bags at check-in
and records this weight on your ticket. The
airline's maximum liability to you is that
weight multiplied by $9.07 (or by $20, if
the weight was recorded in kilos).
 
2)    Instead of weighing your luggage, the
carrier assumes that each of your bags
weighs the maximum that it agrees to
accept as checked baggage, usually 70
pounds (32 kilos). This yields a liability
limit of about $640 per bag. 
 
This international limit also applies to domestic
segments of an international journey. This is the
case even if the domestic and international flights
are on separate tickets and you claim and re-check
your bag between the two flights. 
    Keep in mind that the liability limits are
maximums. If the depreciated value of your property
is worth less than the liability limit, this lower
amount is what you will be offered. If the airline's
settlement doesn't fully reimburse your loss, check
your homeowner's or renter's insurance; it
sometimes covers losses away from the residence.
Some credit card companies and travel agencies
offer optional or even automatic supplemental
baggage coverage. 
 
Hazardous Items
 
Except for toiletries and medicines totaling no more
than  75 ounces, it is illegal and extremely
dangerous to carry on board or check in your
luggage any of the following hazardous materials:
 
Hazardous materials
Aerosols*Polishes, waxes, degreasers, cleaners,
etc.
Corrosives*Acids, cleaners, wet cell batteries,
etc.
Flammables*Paints, thinners, lighter fluid,
liquid reservoir lighters, cleaners, adhesives, camp
stoves or portable gas equipment with fuel, etc.
Explosives*Fireworks, flares, signal devices,
loaded firearms, gunpowder, etc. (Small arms
ammunition for personal use may be transported
in checked luggage if it is securely packed in
material designed for that purpose. These may not
be placed in carry-on baggage.)
Radioactives*Betascopes,
radiopharmaceuticals, uninstalled pacemakers,
etc.
Compressed gases*Tear gas or protective-
type sprays, oxygen cylinders, divers' tanks
(unless they're empty), etc.
Infectious substances
Poisonous materials*Rat poison, etc.
 
        Matches (both æstrike anywhere' matches
and safety or æbook' matches) may only be carried
on your person.
    If you must travel with any of these
materials, check with the airline's air freight
department to see if special arrangements can be
made.
    A violation of the hazardous materials
restrictions can result in a civil penalty of up to
$25,000 for each violation or a criminal penalty of
up to $500,000 and/or up to 5 years in jail.
 
On U.S. airlines, you are guaranteed a no-smoking
seat worldwide.

Under U.S. government rules, smoking is prohibited
on all domestic scheduled-service flights except for
flights over six hours to or from Alaska or Hawaii.
This ban applies to domestic segments of
international flights, on both U.S. and foreign
airlines (e.g., the Chicago / New York leg of a flight
that operates Chicago/ New York / London). The
ban does not apply to nonstop international flights,
even during the time that they are in U.S. airspace
(e.g., a Chicago / London flight). The prohibition
applies in the passenger cabin and lavatories, but not
in the cockpit. 
    Smoking is also banned on other
scheduled-service flights by U.S. airlines that are
operated with planes seating fewer than 30
passengers (e.g., certain ôcommuterö flights to
Canada, Mexico and the Caribbean). Cigar and pipe
smoking is banned on all U.S.-carrier flights
(scheduled and charter, domestic and international). 
    The following rules apply to  U.S. airlines
on flights where smoking is not banned (e.g.
international flights, domestic charter flights). These
regulations do not apply to foreign airlines;
however, most of them provide non-smoking
sections (although they may not guarantee seating
there or expand the section).
 
The airline must provide a seat in a non-smoking
section to every passenger who asks for one, as long
as the passenger complies with the carrier's seat
assignment deadline and procedures. (Standby
passengers do not have this right.) 
 
If necessary, the airline must expand the non-
smoking section to accommodate the passengers
described above. 
 
The airline does not have to provide a non-smoking
seat of the passenger's choice. It doesn't have to seat
you with your traveling companion, and you don't
have the right to specify a window or aisle non-
smoking seat. Also, the airline is not required by this
rule to provide advance seat assignments before the
flight date in the non-smoking section, as long as
they get you into the non-smoking section on the
day of your flight. 
 
The flight crew must act to keep passengers from
smoking in the non-smoking sections. However,
smoke that drifts from the smoking section into the
non-smoking section does not constitute a violation. 
 
No smoking is allowed while an aircraft is on the
ground or when the ventilation system is not fully
functioning. 
 
Carriers are not required to have a smoking section.
An airline is free to ban smoking on a particular
flight, or on all of its flights. 
 
None of the regulations described in this chapter
apply to charter flights performed with small aircraft
by on-demand air taxi operators. 


Over 40 million Americans have disabilities. The Air
Carrier Access Act and the DOT rule that
implements it set out procedures designed to ensure
that these individuals have the same opportunity as
anyone else to enjoy a pleasant flight. Here are some
of the major provisions of the rule. 
 
A person may not be refused transportation on the
basis of disability or be required to have an
attendant or produce a medical certificate, except in
certain limited circumstances specified in the rule. 
 
Airlines must provide enplaning, deplaning and
connecting assistance, including both personnel and
equipment. (Some small commuter aircraft may not
be accessible to passengers with severe mobility
impairments. When making plans to fly to small
cities, such passengers should check on the aircraft
type and its accessibility.) 
 
Airport terminals and airline reservations centers
must have TDD telephone devices for persons with
hearing or speech impairments. 
 
Passengers with vision or hearing impairments must
have timely access to the same information given to
other passengers at the airport or on the plane
concerning gate assignments, delayed flights, safety,
etc. 
 
New widebody aircraft must have a wheelchair-
accessible lavatory and an on-board wheelchair.
Airlines must put an on-board wheelchair on most
other flights upon a passenger's request (48 hours'
notice required). 
 
Air carriers must accept wheelchairs as checked
baggage, and cannot require passengers to sign
liability waivers for them (except for pre-existing
damage). 
 
Most new airplanes must have movable armrests on
half the aisle seats, and on-board stowage for one
folding passenger wheelchair. 
 
Carriers must allow service animals to accompany
passengers in the cabin, as long as they don't block
the aisle or other emergency evacuation route. 
 
FAA safety rules establish standards for passengers
allowed to sit in emergency exit rows; such persons
must be able to perform certain evacuation-related
functions. 
 
FAA rules also prohibit passengers from bringing
their own oxygen. Most airlines will provide
aircraft-approved oxygen for a fee, but aren't
required to. 

 
Airlines may not charge for services that are
required by this rule. 
 
Airlines must make available a specially-trained
Complaints Resolution Official if a dispute arises.
There must be a copy of the DOT rule at every
airport. 
 
It's wise to call the airline again before your trip to
reconfirm any assistance that you have requested. 
For additional details, see ôOther Sources of
Informationö at the end of this pamphlet for
information on ordering the booklet New Horizons
for the Air Traveler with a Disability. 

Virtually all major U.S. airlines have a frequent-flyer
plan, and many foreign carriers are starting them.
These programs allow you to earn free trips,
upgrades (e.g., from Coach to First Class) or other
awards based on how often you fly on that airline. In
some programs you can earn credit by using
specified hotels, rental car companies, credit cards,
etc. 
        It doesn't cost anything to join a program,
and you can enroll in the programs of any number of
different airlines. However, it may not be to your
advantage to ôput all your eggs in one basketö with
one plan by accumulating a high mileage balance
only to find out later that another carrier's program
suits your needs better. Here are some things to look
at when selecting a frequent-flyer program. 


Does the airline fly where you're likely to want to
go? 
 
Are there tie-ins with other carriers, especially those
with international routes? Is some of the airline's
service provided by commuter-carrier ôpartnersö? In
both cases, can you earn credits and use awards on
those other airlines? 
 
How many miles (or trips) are required for particular
awards? 
 
Is there a minimum award per flight (e.g., you are
only flying 200 miles but the airline always awards
at least 500)? 
 
Is there a deadline for using accumulated miles? 
 
Carefully examine the number and length of any
blackout periods during which awards cannot be
used.  On some carriers, the Thanksgiving blackout
may last a week. 
 
If you are planning a big trip and are thinking about
joining that airline's frequent-flyer program, enroll
before you travel. Airlines usually won't credit
mileage that was flown before you became a
member. 
 
After you join a program, there are other things that
you should know:
 
Is there a deadline for using accumulated miles?
 
Airlines reserve the right to make changes to their
programs, sometimes on short notice. The number
of miles required for particular awards might be
raised, requiring you to use your old mileage (i.e.,
your current balance) under the more restrictive new
rules. The airline may cease service on a route that
you were particularly interested inùor it may drop
the city you live in! The carrier may eliminate
attractive frequent-flyer tie-ins with particular
airlines or hotel chains. 

 
Cashing in your mileage frequently will limit your
losses in case the carrier changes the rules, merges,
or goes out of business. (Some private companies
sell insurance covering some of these eventualities.)
Accumulating a larger mileage balance will entitle
you to bigger awards, however. 
 
Carriers often limit the number of seats on each
flight for which frequent-flyer awards can be used.
You may not be able to get reservations on your
first- or second-choice dates or flights. 
 
Awards can often be issued in the name of
immediate family members. However, if you sell or
give an award to someone not named on the award
or the travel document and the airline finds out, the
recipient could have his or her ticket confiscated,
and the carrier may penalize the program member's
account balance. 
 
Ask the airline how mileage is registered; you will
probably have to identify yourself as a program
member when you book your flight or when you
check in.  
 
Keep your boarding passes and the passenger
coupon of your ticket until you receive a statement
from the frequent-flyer program reflecting the
correct mileage earnings for that trip. If a problem
arises, get the names of the people you speak with
and keep notes of your conversations. 


Throughout this booklet, we have tried to provide you
general information about airline travel. It is
important to realize, however, that each airline has
specific rules that make up your contract of carriage.
These rules may differ among carriers. They include
provisions such as check-in deadlines, refund
procedures, responsibility for delayed flights, and
many other things. 

Aguascalientes, Pabellón, Arteaga, Rincón, Romos, Baja California, Mexicali, Ensenada, Tijuana, Tecate, San Felipe, Quintín, Sur, Paz, Ciudad, Cd. Constitución, Villa Insurgentes, Loreto, Santa Rosalía, Mulegé, Cabo Lucas, San José, Campeche, del  Carmen, Pemex, Champotón, Francisco Fco. Escárcega, Coahuila, Saltillo, Monclova, Torreón, Piedras Negras, Acuña, Frontera, Parras Fuente, Melchor Múzquiz, Nueva Rosita, Sabinas, Pedro Colonias, Arteaga, Colima, Manzanillo, Santiago, Tecomán, Comala, Armería, Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Tapachula, Cristóbal, Casas, Yajalón, Ocozocuautla, Tonalá, Escuintla, Comitán, Chiapa, Corzo, Venustiano, Carranza, Ocosingo, Chihuahua, Juárez, Cuauhtémoc, Hidalgo Parral, Delicias, Camargo, Jiménez, Nuevo, Casas, Grandes, Distrito, Federal, DF, Durango, Lerdo, Gómez Palacio, Santiago Papasquiaro, Guadalupe Victoria, Tepehuanes, Nvo., Ideal, Guanajuato, Irapuato, León, Salamanca, Celaya, Dolores Hidalgo, Silao, Comonfort, Miguel, Allende, Cuerámaro, Cortazar, Luis, Yuriria, Moroleón, Acámbaro, Salvatierra, Apaseo, Pénjamo, Dolores, Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Acapulco, Iguala, Taxco, Altamirano, Atoyac, Álvarez, Teloloapan, Arcelia, Tecpan Galeana, Coyuca, Ixtapa Zihuatanejo, Hidalgo, Pachuca, Tulancingo, Huejutla, Actopan, Tula, Tlaxcoapan, Sahagún, Jalisco, Guadalajara, Tlaquepaque, Tonalá, Zapopan, Tlajomulco, Zúñiga, Ocotlán, Chapala, Axixic, Ajijic, Jocotepec, Barca, Corona, Cocula, Zacoalco, Tecolotlán, Juchitlán, Tapalpa, Sayula, Casimiro, Castillo, Autlán, Navarro, Ameca, Etzatlán, Barra, Navidad, Melaque, Tomatlán, Mascota, Tequila, Magdalena, Miguel, Alto, Salto, Atotonilco, Guzmán, Cihuatlán, Huerta, Mazamitla, Teocaltiche, Tepatitlán, Arandas, Lagos, Moreno, Juan, Lagos, Tamazula, Zapoltitic, Jalostotitlán, Encarnación, Díaz, Tapalpa, Tala, Mascota, Ayutla, Ameca, Tomatlán, Mismaloya, Vallarta, Cihuatlán, Amatlán, Cañas, Colotlán, Bolaños, Degollado, Ojuelos, Totatiche, Tecuán, Yahualica, Tecalitlán, Estado, México, Toluca, Atizapán, Zaragoza, Nezahualcóyotl, Coacalco, Cuautitlán, Izcalli, Chimalhuacán, Ecatepec, Morelos, Huixquilucan, Reyes, Acaquilpan, Metepec, Naucalpan, Nicolás, Romero, Texcoco, Tlalnepantla, Tultitlán, Valle, Bravo, Atlacomulco, Calixtlahuaca, Michoacán, Morelia, Uruapan, Apatzingán, Zamora, Zacapu, Italia, Lázaro, Cárdenas, Cuitzeo, Porvenir, Pátzcuaro, Tacámbaro, Reyes, Tepalcatepec, Jiquilpan, Sahuayo, Playa Azul, Huandacareo, Zitácuaro, Quiroga, Paracho, Cherán, Piedad, Yurécuaro, Ario, Rosales, Coalcomán, Tepelcatepec, Huacana,Cotija, Tzintzuntzan, Morelos, Cuernavaca, Cuautla, Puruándiro, Nayarit, Tepic, Compostela, Blas, Ixtlán, Río, Bucerías, Sayulita, Rincón, Guayabitos, Punta, Mita, María, Oro, Ahuacatlán, Xalisco, Santiago, Ixcuintla, Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mty., Garza, García, Apodaca, Guadalupe, Gpe., Linares, General, Escobedo, Montemorelos, Nicolás, Catarina, Cadereyta, Jiménez, Sabinas, Bustamante, Oaxaca, Juchitán, Tehuantepec, Salina, Cruz, Puebla, Tehuacán, Cholula, Atlixco, Martín, Texmelucan, Teziutlán, Libres, Oriental, Zacatlán, Izúcar, Tecali, Tepeaca, Tlacotepec, Atencingo, Huauchinango, Querétaro, San Juan Río, Tequisquiapan, Cadereyta, Chetumal, Cancún, Cozumel, Isla, Mujeres, Chetumal, Playa del Carmen, Potosí (SLP), Valles, Río, Verde, Matehuala, Ébano, Tamazunchale, Soledad, Diez, Gutiérrez, Venado, Tamuín, Maíz, Rayón, Sinaloa, Culiacán, Guamúchil, Guasave, Mochis, Mazatlán, Escuinapa, Costa, Rica, Fuerte, Topolobampo, Mocorito, Pericos, Sonora, Hermosillo, Obregón, Navojoa, Guaymas, Nogales, Colorado, Agua, Prieta, Caborca, Peñasco, Magdalena, Kino, Empalme, Huatabampo, Yaqui, Esperanza, Cananea, Tabasco, Villahermosa, Comalcalco, Victoria, Macuspana, Pemex, Tamaulipas, Madero, Mante, Matamoros, Laredo, Reynosa, Río Bravo, Tampico, Victoria, Tlaxcala, Apizaco, Veracruz, Jalapa, Xalapa, Boca, Río, Coatepec, Coatzacoalcos, Córdoba, Mrizaba, Minatitlán, Naranjos, Papantla, Poza, Rica, Andrés Tuxtla, Tuxpan, Tierra Blanca, Álamo, Tempoal, Sánchez, Misantla, Andrés, Naranjos, Cosamaloapan, Cardel, Alotonga, Tantoyuca, Perote, Tecolutla, Pánuco, Yucatán, Mérida, Progreso, Tizimín, Valladolid, Tekax, Sotuta, Peto, Izamal, Zacatecas, Fresnillo, Jerez, Sombrerete, Jalpa, Moyahua, Tlaltenango, Teúl, González, Juchipila, Loreto